一、过去完成时的结构

 

had+过去分词

 

二、过去完成时用法、定义详细讲解

 

1、表示在过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或情况。

 

例句：

They had got everything ready before I came.在我到来之前，他们已经把一切准备好了。

I could see from her face that she had received some good news.从她脸上我可以看出她有什么高兴事。

 

2、过去完成时常用在有hardly,scarcely,barely,no sooner...than等副词的句子中。这种结构表示“刚刚……就，不等……就”。

 

例句：

He had hardly gone to bed when the bell rang.他刚刚睡下铃就响了。

 

3、intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而没有做的事。这种用法也可以表示过去未曾实现的设想、意图或希望等，含有某种惋惜。

 

例句：

He had been inclined to be an artist.他本相当一名艺术家的。

She had wanted to help you but she had no time then.她本想帮助你的，但当时没有时间。

 

4、表示“过去的将来”某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。

 

例句：

He made up his mind to go on trying until he had succeeded.他下定决心去尝试直到他成功。

 

5、表示过去某一时刻之后发生的动作。常用then,in two weeks等连用。

 

例句：

Something struck her eyes.She had fallen to the ground.某个东西打中了她的眼睛。她倒在了地上。

 

6、表示多后来动作的影响。

 

例句：

He had eaten something before taking dinner.他在晚饭前吃了点东西。（所以晚饭吃不下了）

He felt better after he had taken a few days'rest.休息了几天之后他觉得好多了。

 

7、时间状语从句可由上下文表示。

 

例句：

The office was quiet.Everybody had gone home.办公室里静悄悄的，大家都回家了。

Who had last seen the explorer?What had happened to him?谁最后一次见到那位探险家？他发生了什么事？

 

8、hope,expect,think,want等词的过去完成时常用于比较结构中。

 

例句：

He did better than we had thought.他做得比我们原想的要好。

Things went more smoothly than we had hoped.事情进展得比我们希望的还要顺利。

 

9、first/second/third/last time同过去完成时连用。

 

例句：

It was the first time he had lost the game.这是他第一次比赛输了。

 

10、描绘一种景象、背景（同过去进行时连用）。

 

例句：

The day had dawned.A thin mist was hanging over the fields.Cocks were crowing here and dogs were barking there.拂晓时分，田野里飘荡着一层薄雾，远远近近传来了鸡鸣和犬吠声。